KIT INCLUDES:
The camera module is powered from a single +3.3V power supply. An external oscillator provide the clock source for camera module XCLK pin. With proper configuration to the camera internal registers via I2C bus, then the camera supply pixel clock (PCLK) and camera data back to the host with synchronize signal like HREF and VSYNC. The OV7670 camera module is a low cost 0.3 mega pixel CMOS color camera module, it can output 640×480 VGA resolution image at 30fps. The OV7670 camera module build in onboard LDO regulator only single 3.3V power needed and can be used in Arduino, STM32,Chipkit, ARM, DSP , FPGA and etc.
HARDWARE REQUIRED
SOFTWARE REQUIRED
Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE 1.8.5 (programmable platform for Arduino)
Click To Download:https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
Code
Click to see the code or copy the link.
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1jw0vFKKPVtBTvKHk42uYc0OuB1QG08xi
#include <stdint.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <util/twi.h>
#include <util/delay.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#define F_CPU 16000000UL
#define vga  0
#define qvga  1
#define qqvga  2
#define yuv422 Â 0
#define rgb565 Â 1
#define bayerRGB Â 2
#define camAddr_WR Â 0x42
#define camAddr_RD Â 0x43
/* Registers */
#define REG_GAIN Â Â 0x00 Â /* Gain lower 8 bits (rest in vref) */
#define REG_BLUE Â Â 0x01 Â /* blue gain */
#define REG_RED Â Â Â 0x02 Â /* red gain */
#define REG_VREF Â Â 0x03 Â /* Pieces of GAIN, VSTART, VSTOP */
#define REG_COM1 Â Â 0x04 Â /* Control 1 */
#define COM1_CCIR656 Â 0x40 Â Â /* CCIR656 enable */
#define REG_BAVE Â Â 0x05 Â /* U/B Average level */
#define REG_GbAVE Â 0x06 Â /* Y/Gb Average level */
#define REG_AECHH Â 0x07 Â /* AEC MS 5 bits */
#define REG_RAVE Â Â 0x08 Â /* V/R Average level */
#define REG_COM2 Â Â 0x09 Â /* Control 2 */
#define COM2_SSLEEP Â Â Â Â 0x10 Â /* Soft sleep mode */
#define REG_PID      0x0a  /* Product ID MSB */
#define REG_VER      0x0b  /* Product ID LSB */
#define REG_COM3   0x0c  /* Control 3 */
#define COM3_SWAP Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* Byte swap */
#define COM3_SCALEEN Â Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* Enable scaling */
#define COM3_DCWEN Â Â Â Â Â 0x04 Â /* Enable downsamp/crop/window */
#define REG_COM4   0x0d  /* Control 4 */
#define REG_COM5   0x0e  /* All “reserved” */
#define REG_COM6   0x0f  /* Control 6 */
#define REG_AECH Â Â 0x10 Â /* More bits of AEC value */
#define REG_CLKRC Â 0x11 Â /* Clocl control */
#define CLK_EXT Â Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* Use external clock directly */
#define CLK_SCALE  0x3f  /* Mask for internal clock scale */
#define REG_COM7 Â Â 0x12 Â /* Control 7 */ //REG mean address.
#define COM7_RESET Â Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* Register reset */
#define COM7_FMT_MASK Â Â Â Â 0x38
#define COM7_FMT_VGA Â Â Â Â Â 0x00
#define COM7_FMT_CIF Â Â Â Â Â 0x20 Â /* CIF format */
#define COM7_FMT_QVGA Â Â Â Â 0x10 Â /* QVGA format */
#define COM7_FMT_QCIF Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* QCIF format */
#define COM7_RGB Â Â Â Â Â 0x04 Â /* bits 0 and 2 – RGB format */
#define COM7_YUV Â Â Â Â Â 0x00 Â /* YUV */
#define COM7_BAYER Â Â Â Â Â 0x01 Â /* Bayer format */
#define COM7_PBAYER Â Â Â Â 0x05 Â /* “Processed bayer” */
#define REG_COM8 Â Â 0x13 Â /* Control 8 */
#define COM8_FASTAEC Â Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* Enable fast AGC/AEC */
#define COM8_AECSTEP Â Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* Unlimited AEC step size */
#define COM8_BFILT Â Â 0x20 Â /* Band filter enable */
#define COM8_AGC Â Â 0x04 Â /* Auto gain enable */
#define COM8_AWB Â Â 0x02 Â /* White balance enable */
#define COM8_AEC Â Â 0x01 Â /* Auto exposure enable */
#define REG_COM9 Â Â 0x14 Â /* Control 9- gain ceiling */
#define REG_COM10 Â 0x15 Â /* Control 10 */
#define COM10_HSYNC Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* HSYNC instead of HREF */
#define COM10_PCLK_HB Â Â Â Â 0x20 Â /* Suppress PCLK on horiz blank */
#define COM10_HREF_REV Â Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* Reverse HREF */
#define COM10_VS_LEAD Â Â Â Â 0x04 Â /* VSYNC on clock leading edge */
#define COM10_VS_NEG Â Â Â Â Â 0x02 Â /* VSYNC negative */
#define COM10_HS_NEG Â Â Â Â Â 0x01 Â /* HSYNC negative */
#define REG_HSTART Â Â 0x17 Â /* Horiz start high bits */
#define REG_HSTOP Â 0x18 Â /* Horiz stop high bits */
#define REG_VSTART Â Â 0x19 Â /* Vert start high bits */
#define REG_VSTOP  0x1a  /* Vert stop high bits */
#define REG_PSHFT  0x1b  /* Pixel delay after HREF */
#define REG_MIDH   0x1c  /* Manuf. ID high */
#define REG_MIDL   0x1d  /* Manuf. ID low */
#define REG_MVFP   0x1e  /* Mirror / vflip */
#define MVFP_MIRROR Â Â Â Â 0x20 Â /* Mirror image */
#define MVFP_FLIP Â 0x10 Â /* Vertical flip */
#define REG_AEW Â Â Â Â Â 0x24 Â /* AGC upper limit */
#define REG_AEB Â Â Â Â Â 0x25 Â Â /* AGC lower limit */
#define REG_VPT Â Â Â Â Â 0x26 Â /* AGC/AEC fast mode op region */
#define REG_HSYST Â 0x30 Â /* HSYNC rising edge delay */
#define REG_HSYEN Â 0x31 Â /* HSYNC falling edge delay */
#define REG_HREF Â Â 0x32 Â /* HREF pieces */
#define REG_TSLB   0x3a  /* lots of stuff */
#define TSLB_YLAST Â Â 0x04 Â /* UYVY or VYUY – see com13 */
#define REG_COM11  0x3b  /* Control 11 */
#define COM11_NIGHT Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* NIght mode enable */
#define COM11_NMFR Â Â Â Â Â 0x60 Â /* Two bit NM frame rate */
#define COM11_HZAUTO Â Â Â Â Â 0x10 Â /* Auto detect 50/60 Hz */
#define COM11_50HZ Â Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* Manual 50Hz select */
#define COM11_EXP Â 0x02
#define REG_COM12  0x3c  /* Control 12 */
#define COM12_HREF Â Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* HREF always */
#define REG_COM13  0x3d  /* Control 13 */
#define COM13_GAMMA Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* Gamma enable */
#define COM13_UVSAT Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* UV saturation auto adjustment */
#define COM13_UVSWAP Â Â Â Â Â 0x01 Â /* V before U – w/TSLB */
#define REG_COM14  0x3e  /* Control 14 */
#define COM14_DCWEN Â Â Â Â 0x10 Â /* DCW/PCLK-scale enable */
#define REG_EDGE   0x3f  /* Edge enhancement factor */
#define REG_COM15 Â 0x40 Â /* Control 15 */
#define COM15_R10F0 Â Â Â Â 0x00 Â /* Data range 10 to F0 */
#define COM15_R01FE Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* Â Â Â 01 to FE */
#define COM15_R00FF Â Â Â Â 0xc0 Â /* Â Â Â 00 to FF */
#define COM15_RGB565 Â Â Â Â Â 0x10 Â /* RGB565 output */
#define COM15_RGB555 Â Â Â Â Â 0x30 Â /* RGB555 output */
#define REG_COM16 Â 0x41 Â /* Control 16 */
#define COM16_AWBGAIN Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* AWB gain enable */
#define REG_COM17 Â 0x42 Â /* Control 17 */
#define COM17_AECWIN Â Â Â Â Â 0xc0 Â /* AEC window – must match COM4 */
#define COM17_CBAR Â Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* DSP Color bar */
/*
* This matrix defines how the colors are generated, must be
* tweaked to adjust hue and saturation.
*
* Order: v-red, v-green, v-blue, u-red, u-green, u-blue
* They are nine-bit signed quantities, with the sign bit
* stored in0x58.Sign for v-red is bit 0, and up from there.
*/
#define REG_CMATRIX_BASE Â 0x4f
#define CMATRIX_LEN Â Â Â Â Â 6
#define REG_CMATRIX_SIGN Â 0x58
#define REG_BRIGHT Â Â 0x55 Â /* Brightness */
#define REG_CONTRAS Â Â Â Â 0x56 Â /* Contrast control */
#define REG_GFIX Â Â 0x69 Â /* Fix gain control */
#define REG_REG76 Â 0x76 Â /* OV’s name */
#define R76_BLKPCOR Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* Black pixel correction enable */
#define R76_WHTPCOR Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* White pixel correction enable */
#define REG_RGB444      0x8c  /* RGB 444 control */
#define R444_ENABLE Â Â Â Â 0x02 Â /* Turn on RGB444, overrides 5×5 */
#define R444_RGBX Â 0x01 Â /* Empty nibble at end */
#define REG_HAECC1   0x9f  /* Hist AEC/AGC control 1 */
#define REG_HAECC2 Â Â 0xa0 Â /* Hist AEC/AGC control 2 */
#define REG_BD50MAX Â Â Â Â 0xa5 Â /* 50hz banding step limit */
#define REG_HAECC3 Â Â 0xa6 Â /* Hist AEC/AGC control 3 */
#define REG_HAECC4 Â Â 0xa7 Â /* Hist AEC/AGC control 4 */
#define REG_HAECC5 Â Â 0xa8 Â /* Hist AEC/AGC control 5 */
#define REG_HAECC6 Â Â 0xa9 Â /* Hist AEC/AGC control 6 */
#define REG_HAECC7   0xaa  /* Hist AEC/AGC control 7 */
#define REG_BD60MAX     0xab  /* 60hz banding step limit */
#define REG_GAIN Â Â 0x00 Â /* Gain lower 8 bits (rest in vref) */
#define REG_BLUE Â Â 0x01 Â /* blue gain */
#define REG_RED Â Â Â Â Â 0x02 Â /* red gain */
#define REG_VREF Â Â 0x03 Â /* Pieces of GAIN, VSTART, VSTOP */
#define REG_COM1 Â Â 0x04 Â /* Control 1 */
#define COM1_CCIR656 Â Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* CCIR656 enable */
#define REG_BAVE Â Â 0x05 Â /* U/B Average level */
#define REG_GbAVE Â 0x06 Â /* Y/Gb Average level */
#define REG_AECHH Â 0x07 Â /* AEC MS 5 bits */
#define REG_RAVE Â Â 0x08 Â /* V/R Average level */
#define REG_COM2 Â Â 0x09 Â /* Control 2 */
#define COM2_SSLEEP Â Â Â Â 0x10 Â /* Soft sleep mode */
#define REG_PID      0x0a  /* Product ID MSB */
#define REG_VER      0x0b  /* Product ID LSB */
#define REG_COM3   0x0c  /* Control 3 */
#define COM3_SWAP Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* Byte swap */
#define COM3_SCALEEN Â Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* Enable scaling */
#define COM3_DCWEN Â Â Â Â Â 0x04 Â /* Enable downsamp/crop/window */
#define REG_COM4   0x0d  /* Control 4 */
#define REG_COM5   0x0e  /* All “reserved” */
#define REG_COM6   0x0f  /* Control 6 */
#define REG_AECH Â Â 0x10 Â /* More bits of AEC value */
#define REG_CLKRC Â 0x11 Â /* Clocl control */
#define CLK_EXT Â Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* Use external clock directly */
#define CLK_SCALE  0x3f  /* Mask for internal clock scale */
#define REG_COM7 Â Â 0x12 Â /* Control 7 */
#define COM7_RESET Â Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* Register reset */
#define COM7_FMT_MASK Â Â Â Â 0x38
#define COM7_FMT_VGA Â Â Â Â Â 0x00
#define COM7_FMT_CIF Â Â Â Â Â 0x20 Â /* CIF format */
#define COM7_FMT_QVGA Â Â Â Â 0x10 Â /* QVGA format */
#define COM7_FMT_QCIF Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* QCIF format */
#define COM7_RGB Â Â 0x04 Â /* bits 0 and 2 – RGB format */
#define COM7_YUV Â Â 0x00 Â /* YUV */
#define COM7_BAYER Â Â Â Â Â 0x01 Â /* Bayer format */
#define COM7_PBAYER Â Â Â Â 0x05 Â /* “Processed bayer” */
#define REG_COM8 Â Â 0x13 Â /* Control 8 */
#define COM8_FASTAEC Â Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* Enable fast AGC/AEC */
#define COM8_AECSTEP Â Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* Unlimited AEC step size */
#define COM8_BFILT Â Â 0x20 Â /* Band filter enable */
#define COM8_AGC Â Â 0x04 Â /* Auto gain enable */
#define COM8_AWB Â Â 0x02 Â /* White balance enable */
#define COM8_AEC Â Â 0x01 Â /* Auto exposure enable */
#define REG_COM9 Â Â 0x14 Â /* Control 9- gain ceiling */
#define REG_COM10 Â 0x15 Â /* Control 10 */
#define COM10_HSYNC Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* HSYNC instead of HREF */
#define COM10_PCLK_HB Â Â Â Â 0x20 Â /* Suppress PCLK on horiz blank */
#define COM10_HREF_REV Â Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* Reverse HREF */
#define COM10_VS_LEAD Â Â Â Â Â 0x04 Â /* VSYNC on clock leading edge */
#define COM10_VS_NEG Â Â Â Â Â 0x02 Â /* VSYNC negative */
#define COM10_HS_NEG Â Â Â Â Â 0x01 Â /* HSYNC negative */
#define REG_HSTART Â Â 0x17 Â /* Horiz start high bits */
#define REG_HSTOP Â 0x18 Â /* Horiz stop high bits */
#define REG_VSTART Â Â 0x19 Â /* Vert start high bits */
#define REG_VSTOP  0x1a  /* Vert stop high bits */
#define REG_PSHFT  0x1b  /* Pixel delay after HREF */
#define REG_MIDH   0x1c  /* Manuf. ID high */
#define REG_MIDL   0x1d  /* Manuf. ID low */
#define REG_MVFP   0x1e  /* Mirror / vflip */
#define MVFP_MIRROR Â Â Â Â 0x20 Â /* Mirror image */
#define MVFP_FLIP Â 0x10 Â /* Vertical flip */
#define REG_AEW Â Â Â Â Â 0x24 Â /* AGC upper limit */
#define REG_AEB Â Â Â Â Â 0x25 Â /* AGC lower limit */
#define REG_VPT Â Â Â Â Â 0x26 Â /* AGC/AEC fast mode op region */
#define REG_HSYST Â 0x30 Â /* HSYNC rising edge delay */
#define REG_HSYEN Â 0x31 Â /* HSYNC falling edge delay */
#define REG_HREF Â Â 0x32 Â /* HREF pieces */
#define REG_TSLB   0x3a  /* lots of stuff */
#define TSLB_YLAST Â Â 0x04 Â /* UYVY or VYUY – see com13 */
#define REG_COM11  0x3b  /* Control 11 */
#define COM11_NIGHT Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* NIght mode enable */
#define COM11_NMFR Â Â Â Â Â 0x60 Â /* Two bit NM frame rate */
#define COM11_HZAUTO Â Â Â Â Â 0x10 Â /* Auto detect 50/60 Hz */
#define COM11_50HZ Â Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* Manual 50Hz select */
#define COM11_EXP Â 0x02
#define REG_COM12  0x3c  /* Control 12 */
#define COM12_HREF Â Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* HREF always */
#define REG_COM13  0x3d  /* Control 13 */
#define COM13_GAMMA Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* Gamma enable */
#define COM13_UVSAT Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* UV saturation auto adjustment */
#define COM13_UVSWAP Â Â Â Â Â 0x01 Â /* V before U – w/TSLB */
#define REG_COM14  0x3e  /* Control 14 */
#define COM14_DCWEN Â Â Â Â 0x10 Â /* DCW/PCLK-scale enable */
#define REG_EDGE   0x3f  /* Edge enhancement factor */
#define REG_COM15 Â 0x40 Â /* Control 15 */
#define COM15_R10F0 Â Â Â Â 0x00 Â /* Data range 10 to F0 */
#define COM15_R01FE Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* Â Â Â 01 to FE */
#define COM15_R00FF Â Â Â Â 0xc0 Â /* Â Â Â 00 to FF */
#define COM15_RGB565 Â Â Â Â Â 0x10 Â /* RGB565 output */
#define COM15_RGB555 Â Â Â Â Â 0x30 Â /* RGB555 output */
#define REG_COM16 Â 0x41 Â /* Control 16 */
#define COM16_AWBGAIN Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* AWB gain enable */
#define REG_COM17 Â 0x42 Â /* Control 17 */
#define COM17_AECWIN Â Â Â Â Â 0xc0 Â /* AEC window – must match COM4 */
#define COM17_CBAR Â Â Â Â Â 0x08 Â /* DSP Color bar */
#define CMATRIX_LEN Â Â Â Â Â Â 6
#define REG_BRIGHT Â Â 0x55 Â /* Brightness */
#define REG_REG76 Â 0x76 Â /* OV’s name */
#define R76_BLKPCOR Â Â Â Â 0x80 Â /* Black pixel correction enable */
#define R76_WHTPCOR Â Â Â Â 0x40 Â /* White pixel correction enable */
#define REG_RGB444      0x8c  /* RGB 444 control */
#define R444_ENABLE Â Â Â Â 0x02 Â /* Turn on RGB444, overrides 5×5 */
#define R444_RGBX Â 0x01 Â /* Empty nibble at end */
#define REG_HAECC1   0x9f  /* Hist AEC/AGC control 1 */
#define REG_HAECC2 Â Â 0xa0 Â /* Hist AEC/AGC control 2 */
#define REG_BD50MAX Â Â Â Â 0xa5 Â /* 50hz banding step limit */
#define REG_HAECC3 Â Â 0xa6 Â /* Hist AEC/AGC control 3 */
#define REG_HAECC4 Â Â 0xa7 Â /* Hist AEC/AGC control 4 */
#define REG_HAECC5 Â Â 0xa8 Â /* Hist AEC/AGC control 5 */
#define REG_HAECC6 Â Â 0xa9 Â /* Hist AEC/AGC control 6 */
#define REG_HAECC7   0xaa  /* Hist AEC/AGC control 7 */
#define REG_BD60MAX     0xab  /* 60hz banding step limit */
#define MTX1       0x4f  /* Matrix Coefficient 1 */
#define MTX2 Â Â Â Â Â Â 0x50 Â /* Matrix Coefficient 2 */
#define MTX3 Â Â Â Â Â Â 0x51 Â /* Matrix Coefficient 3 */
#define MTX4 Â Â Â Â Â Â 0x52 Â /* Matrix Coefficient 4 */
#define MTX5 Â Â Â Â Â Â 0x53 Â /* Matrix Coefficient 5 */
#define MTX6 Â Â Â Â Â Â 0x54 Â /* Matrix Coefficient 6 */
#define REG_CONTRAS Â Â Â Â 0x56 Â /* Contrast control */
#define MTXS Â Â Â Â Â Â 0x58 Â /* Matrix Coefficient Sign */
#define AWBC7 Â Â Â Â Â 0x59 Â /* AWB Control 7 */
#define AWBC8      0x5a  /* AWB Control 8 */
#define AWBC9      0x5b  /* AWB Control 9 */
#define AWBC10       0x5c  /* AWB Control 10 */
#define AWBC11       0x5d  /* AWB Control 11 */
#define AWBC12       0x5e  /* AWB Control 12 */
#define REG_GFI Â Â Â Â Â 0x69 Â /* Fix gain control */
#define GGAIN      0x6a  /* G Channel AWB Gain */
#define DBLV Â Â Â Â Â Â 0x6b Â
#define AWBCTR3      0x6c  /* AWB Control 3 */
#define AWBCTR2      0x6d  /* AWB Control 2 */
#define AWBCTR1      0x6e  /* AWB Control 1 */
#define AWBCTR0      0x6f  /* AWB Control 0 */
struct regval_list{
 uint8_t reg_num;
 uint16_t value;
};
const struct regval_list qvga_ov7670[] PROGMEM = {
 { REG_COM14, 0x19 },
 { 0x72, 0x11 },
 { 0x73, 0xf1 },
 { REG_HSTART, 0x16 },
 { REG_HSTOP, 0x04 },
 { REG_HREF, 0xa4 },
 { REG_VSTART, 0x02 },
 { REG_VSTOP, 0x7a },
 { REG_VREF, 0x0a },
/* Â { REG_HSTART, 0x16 },
 { REG_HSTOP, 0x04 },
 { REG_HREF, 0x24 },
 { REG_VSTART, 0x02 },
 { REG_VSTOP, 0x7a },
 { REG_VREF, 0x0a },*/
 { 0xff, 0xff }, /* END MARKER */
};
const struct regval_list yuv422_ov7670[] PROGMEM = {
 { REG_COM7, 0x0 },  /* Selects YUV mode */
 { REG_RGB444, 0 },  /* No RGB444 please */
 { REG_COM1, 0 },
 { REG_COM15, COM15_R00FF },
 { REG_COM9, 0x6A }, /* 128x gain ceiling; 0x8 is reserved bit */
 { 0x4f, 0x80 },  /* “matrix coefficient 1” */
 { 0x50, 0x80 },  /* “matrix coefficient 2” */
 { 0x51, 0 },   /* vb */
 { 0x52, 0x22 },  /* “matrix coefficient 4” */
 { 0x53, 0x5e },  /* “matrix coefficient 5” */
 { 0x54, 0x80 },  /* “matrix coefficient 6” */
 { REG_COM13, COM13_UVSAT },
 { 0xff, 0xff },  /* END MARKER */
};
const struct regval_list ov7670_default_regs[] PROGMEM = {//from the linux driver
 { REG_COM7, COM7_RESET },
 { REG_TSLB, 0x04 }, /* OV */
 { REG_COM7, 0 },  /* VGA */
 /*
 * Set the hardware window.  These values from OV don’t entirely
 * make sense – hstop is less than hstart.  But they work…
 */
 { REG_HSTART, 0x13 }, { REG_HSTOP, 0x01 },
 { REG_HREF, 0xb6 }, { REG_VSTART, 0x02 },
 { REG_VSTOP, 0x7a }, { REG_VREF, 0x0a },
 { REG_COM3, 0 }, { REG_COM14, 0 },
 /* Mystery scaling numbers */
 { 0x70, 0x3a }, { 0x71, 0x35 },
 { 0x72, 0x11 }, { 0x73, 0xf0 },
 { 0xa2,/* 0x02 changed to 1*/1 }, { REG_COM10, 0x0 },
 /* Gamma curve values */
 { 0x7a, 0x20 }, { 0x7b, 0x10 },
 { 0x7c, 0x1e }, { 0x7d, 0x35 },
 { 0x7e, 0x5a }, { 0x7f, 0x69 },
 { 0x80, 0x76 }, { 0x81, 0x80 },
 { 0x82, 0x88 }, { 0x83, 0x8f },
 { 0x84, 0x96 }, { 0x85, 0xa3 },
 { 0x86, 0xaf }, { 0x87, 0xc4 },
 { 0x88, 0xd7 }, { 0x89, 0xe8 },
 /* AGC and AEC parameters.  Note we start by disabling those features,
 then turn them only after tweaking the values. */
 { REG_COM8, COM8_FASTAEC | COM8_AECSTEP },
 { REG_GAIN, 0 }, { REG_AECH, 0 },
 { REG_COM4, 0x40 }, /* magic reserved bit */
 { REG_COM9, 0x18 }, /* 4x gain + magic rsvd bit */
 { REG_BD50MAX, 0x05 }, { REG_BD60MAX, 0x07 },
 { REG_AEW, 0x95 }, { REG_AEB, 0x33 },
 { REG_VPT, 0xe3 }, { REG_HAECC1, 0x78 },
 { REG_HAECC2, 0x68 }, { 0xa1, 0x03 }, /* magic */
 { REG_HAECC3, 0xd8 }, { REG_HAECC4, 0xd8 },
 { REG_HAECC5, 0xf0 }, { REG_HAECC6, 0x90 },
 { REG_HAECC7, 0x94 },
 { REG_COM8, COM8_FASTAEC | COM8_AECSTEP | COM8_AGC | COM8_AEC },
 { 0x30, 0 }, { 0x31, 0 },//disable some delays
 /* Almost all of these are magic “reserved” values.  */
 { REG_COM5, 0x61 }, { REG_COM6, 0x4b },
 { 0x16, 0x02 }, { REG_MVFP, 0x07 },
 { 0x21, 0x02 }, { 0x22, 0x91 },
 { 0x29, 0x07 }, { 0x33, 0x0b },
 { 0x35, 0x0b }, { 0x37, 0x1d },
 { 0x38, 0x71 }, { 0x39, 0x2a },
 { REG_COM12, 0x78 }, { 0x4d, 0x40 },
 { 0x4e, 0x20 }, { REG_GFIX, 0 },
 /*{0x6b, 0x4a},*/{ 0x74, 0x10 },
 { 0x8d, 0x4f }, { 0x8e, 0 },
 { 0x8f, 0 }, { 0x90, 0 },
 { 0x91, 0 }, { 0x96, 0 },
 { 0x9a, 0 }, { 0xb0, 0x84 },
 { 0xb1, 0x0c }, { 0xb2, 0x0e },
 { 0xb3, 0x82 }, { 0xb8, 0x0a },
 /* More reserved magic, some of which tweaks white balance */
 { 0x43, 0x0a }, { 0x44, 0xf0 },
 { 0x45, 0x34 }, { 0x46, 0x58 },
 { 0x47, 0x28 }, { 0x48, 0x3a },
 { 0x59, 0x88 }, { 0x5a, 0x88 },
 { 0x5b, 0x44 }, { 0x5c, 0x67 },
 { 0x5d, 0x49 }, { 0x5e, 0x0e },
 { 0x6c, 0x0a }, { 0x6d, 0x55 },
 { 0x6e, 0x11 }, { 0x6f, 0x9e }, /* it was 0x9F “9e for advance AWB” */
 { 0x6a, 0x40 }, { REG_BLUE, 0x40 },
 { REG_RED, 0x60 },
 { REG_COM8, COM8_FASTAEC | COM8_AECSTEP | COM8_AGC | COM8_AEC | COM8_AWB },
 /* Matrix coefficients */
 { 0x4f, 0x80 }, { 0x50, 0x80 },
 { 0x51, 0 },   { 0x52, 0x22 },
 { 0x53, 0x5e }, { 0x54, 0x80 },
 { 0x58, 0x9e },
 { REG_COM16, COM16_AWBGAIN }, { REG_EDGE, 0 },
 { 0x75, 0x05 }, { REG_REG76, 0xe1 },
 { 0x4c, 0 },   { 0x77, 0x01 },
 { REG_COM13, /*0xc3*/0x48 }, { 0x4b, 0x09 },
 { 0xc9, 0x60 },  /*{REG_COM16, 0x38},*/
 { 0x56, 0x40 },
 { 0x34, 0x11 }, { REG_COM11, COM11_EXP | COM11_HZAUTO },
 { 0xa4, 0x82/*Was 0x88*/ }, { 0x96, 0 },
 { 0x97, 0x30 }, { 0x98, 0x20 },
 { 0x99, 0x30 }, { 0x9a, 0x84 },
 { 0x9b, 0x29 }, { 0x9c, 0x03 },
 { 0x9d, 0x4c }, { 0x9e, 0x3f },
 { 0x78, 0x04 },
 /* Extra-weird stuff.  Some sort of multiplexor register */
 { 0x79, 0x01 }, { 0xc8, 0xf0 },
 { 0x79, 0x0f }, { 0xc8, 0x00 },
 { 0x79, 0x10 }, { 0xc8, 0x7e },
 { 0x79, 0x0a }, { 0xc8, 0x80 },
 { 0x79, 0x0b }, { 0xc8, 0x01 },
 { 0x79, 0x0c }, { 0xc8, 0x0f },
 { 0x79, 0x0d }, { 0xc8, 0x20 },
 { 0x79, 0x09 }, { 0xc8, 0x80 },
 { 0x79, 0x02 }, { 0xc8, 0xc0 },
 { 0x79, 0x03 }, { 0xc8, 0x40 },
 { 0x79, 0x05 }, { 0xc8, 0x30 },
 { 0x79, 0x26 },
 { 0xff, 0xff }, /* END MARKER */
};
void error_led(void){
 DDRB |= 32;//make sure led is output
 while (1){//wait for reset
  PORTB ^= 32;// toggle led
  _delay_ms(100);
 }
}
void twiStart(void){
 TWCR = _BV(TWINT) | _BV(TWSTA) | _BV(TWEN);//send start
 while (!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT)));//wait for start to be transmitted
 if ((TWSR & 0xF8) != TW_START)
  error_led();
}
void twiWriteByte(uint8_t DATA, uint8_t type){
 TWDR = DATA;
 TWCR = _BV(TWINT) | _BV(TWEN);
 while (!(TWCR & (1 << TWINT))) {}
 if ((TWSR & 0xF8) != type)
  error_led();
}
void twiAddr(uint8_t addr, uint8_t typeTWI){
 TWDR = addr;//send address
 TWCR = _BV(TWINT) | _BV(TWEN);   /* clear interrupt to start transmission */
 while ((TWCR & _BV(TWINT)) == 0); /* wait for transmission */
 if ((TWSR & 0xF8) != typeTWI)
  error_led();
}
void wrReg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t dat){
 //send start condition
 twiStart();
 twiAddr(camAddr_WR, TW_MT_SLA_ACK);
 twiWriteByte(reg, TW_MT_DATA_ACK);
 twiWriteByte(dat, TW_MT_DATA_ACK);
 TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWEN) | (1 << TWSTO);//send stop
 _delay_ms(1);
}
static uint8_t twiRd(uint8_t nack){
 if (nack){
  TWCR = _BV(TWINT) | _BV(TWEN);
  while ((TWCR & _BV(TWINT)) == 0); /* wait for transmission */
  if ((TWSR & 0xF8) != TW_MR_DATA_NACK)
   error_led();
  return TWDR;
 }
 else{
  TWCR = _BV(TWINT) | _BV(TWEN) | _BV(TWEA);
  while ((TWCR & _BV(TWINT)) == 0); /* wait for transmission */
  if ((TWSR & 0xF8) != TW_MR_DATA_ACK)
   error_led();
  return TWDR;
 }
}
uint8_t rdReg(uint8_t reg){
 uint8_t dat;
 twiStart();
 twiAddr(camAddr_WR, TW_MT_SLA_ACK);
 twiWriteByte(reg, TW_MT_DATA_ACK);
 TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWEN) | (1 << TWSTO);//send stop
 _delay_ms(1);
 twiStart();
 twiAddr(camAddr_RD, TW_MR_SLA_ACK);
 dat = twiRd(1);
 TWCR = (1 << TWINT) | (1 << TWEN) | (1 << TWSTO);//send stop
 _delay_ms(1);
 return dat;
}
void wrSensorRegs8_8(const struct regval_list reglist[]){
 uint8_t reg_addr, reg_val;
 const struct regval_list *next = reglist;
 while ((reg_addr != 0xff) | (reg_val != 0xff)){
  reg_addr = pgm_read_byte(&next->reg_num);
  reg_val = pgm_read_byte(&next->value);
  wrReg(reg_addr, reg_val);
  next++;
 }
}
void setColor(void){
 wrSensorRegs8_8(yuv422_ov7670);
}
void setRes(void){
 wrReg(REG_COM3, 4); // REG_COM3 enable scaling
 wrSensorRegs8_8(qvga_ov7670);
}
void camInit(void){
 wrReg(0x12, 0x80);
 _delay_ms(100);
 wrSensorRegs8_8(ov7670_default_regs);
 wrReg(REG_COM10, 32);//PCLK does not toggle on HBLANK.
}
void arduinoUnoInut(void) {
 cli();//disable interrupts
Â
  /* Setup the 8mhz PWM clock
 * This will be on pin 11*/
 DDRB |= (1 << 3);//pin 11
 ASSR &= ~(_BV(EXCLK) | _BV(AS2));
 TCCR2A = (1 << COM2A0) | (1 << WGM21) | (1 << WGM20);
 TCCR2B = (1 << WGM22) | (1 << CS20);
 OCR2A = 0;//(F_CPU)/(2*(X+1))
 DDRC &= ~15;//low d0-d3 camera
 DDRD &= ~252;//d7-d4 and interrupt pins
 _delay_ms(3000);
Â
  //set up twi for 100khz
 TWSR &= ~3;//disable prescaler for TWI
 TWBR = 72;//set to 100khz
Â
  //enable serial
 UBRR0H = 0;
 UBRR0L = 1;//0 = 2M baud rate. 1 = 1M baud. 3 = 0.5M. 7 = 250k 207 is 9600 baud rate.
 UCSR0A |= 2;//double speed aysnc
 UCSR0B = (1 << RXEN0) | (1 << TXEN0);//Enable receiver and transmitter
 UCSR0C = 6;//async 1 stop bit 8bit char no parity bits
}
void StringPgm(const char * str){
 do{
   while (!(UCSR0A & (1 << UDRE0)));//wait for byte to transmit
   UDR0 = pgm_read_byte_near(str);
   while (!(UCSR0A & (1 << UDRE0)));//wait for byte to transmit
 } while (pgm_read_byte_near(++str));
}
static void captureImg(uint16_t wg, uint16_t hg){
 uint16_t y, x;
 StringPgm(PSTR(“*RDY*”));
 while (!(PIND & 8));//wait for high
 while ((PIND & 8));//wait for low
  y = hg;
 while (y–){
    x = wg;
   //while (!(PIND & 256));//wait for high
  while (x–){
   while ((PIND & 4));//wait for low
      UDR0 = (PINC & 15) | (PIND & 240);
     while (!(UCSR0A & (1 << UDRE0)));//wait for byte to transmit
   while (!(PIND & 4));//wait for high
   while ((PIND & 4));//wait for low
   while (!(PIND & 4));//wait for high
  }
  //  while ((PIND & 256));//wait for low
 }
  _delay_ms(100);
}
void setup(){
 arduinoUnoInut();
 camInit();
 setRes();
 setColor();
 wrReg(0x11, 11); //Earlier it had the value: wrReg(0x11, 12); New version works better for me 🙂 !!!!
}
void loop(){
 captureImg(320, 240);
}
Output Software
https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&redir_token=Z3dKJKcTZwn8QSThRxpKw9-aIkN8MTUxMjMwNTYyOEAxNTEyMjE5MjI4&q=https%3A%2F%2Fcesarab.blob.core.windows.net%2Fpublic%2FReadSerialPortWin.exe&v=8V-XBA2qAKY
.net 3.5 framework
SPECIFICATIONS
CMOS OV7670 Camera
- Array Element:640X480
- IO Voltage:Â 1.7V to 3.0V
- Power operation:Â 60mW/15fpsVGAYUV
- Sleep:<20μA
- Operating Temperature: -30 ℃ to 70 ℃
- Stable: 0 ℃ to 50 ℃
- Output Formats (8):Â YUV/YCbCr4: 2:2, RGB565/555, GRB4: 2:2, Raw RGB Data
- Lens size:Â 1/6 “
- Chief ray angle: 24 °
- Maximum image transfer rate:Â 30fps VGA
- Sensitivity:Â 1.3V / (Lux-sec)
- SNR:Â 40 dB
- Dynamic range:Â 52 dB
- Scan Mode:Â Progressive
- Electronic Exposure:Â 1 line to 510 line
- Pixel Size: 3.6μm x 3.6μm
- Dark current: 12 mV / s at 60 ℃
Features
- High sensitivity suitable for low light operation
- Low voltage suitable for embedded applications
- Standard SCCB interface compatible with I2C interface
- Supports VGA, CIF, and from a variety of sizes CIF to 40×30
- VarioPixel sub-sampling mode
- ISP has a compensation function to eliminate noise and dead pixels
- Support for image scaling
- Compensation for loss of optical lens
- 50/60Hz automatic detection
- Saturation automatically adjust (UV adjustment)
- Automatically adjust edge enhancement
- Automatically adjust the noise reduction
- Automatically affect the control functions include: automatic exposure control, automatic gain control, automatic white balance, automatic elimination of light stripes, automatic black level calibration image quality control including color saturation, hue, gamma, sharpness
PROCESS
CMOS OV7670 Camera
Step -1
Step-2
Download the following from the link description:
- Code.
- Output software.
- .net v3.5
Step -3
- Copy the code into your Arduino ide.
- Choose the com port from the board.
- Remember the com port.
- Upload your code.
Step -4
- Run the output software exe
Choose your com port –>Â click start
Probably something similar is what you would be seeing.
Troubleshooting
If not the exact image you expected, then you might want to trouble shoot,
Case 1:Â if you are not able to open the output software-
Check for the .net 3.5 installation.
Case 2. If you are having issues with viewing images or not responding software
Check for the wirings 9/10 people go wrong here.
Case
Simply adjust the screw of your camera lens and view different images till they seems to be clear
