In this project, we are making a Cows and Bulls game in which Keypad membrane is used. This is an old code-breaking mind or paper and pencil game for two or more players, predating the similar commercially marketed board game Mastermind

KIT INCLUDES

HARDWARE REQUIRED

SOFTWARE REQUIRED

Arduino IDE 1.8.5 (programmable platform for Arduino)

Click To Download: https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software

SPECIFICATIONS

**16*2 LCD Display**

LCD Display Mode: STN, Positive, Transflective
Display Color: Deep Blue/ Yellow Green
Viewing Angle: 6H
Driving Method: 1/16 duty, 1/5 bias
Back Light: Yellow-Green LED backlight
Outline Dimension: 803615.8 MAX

**4*4 Keypad membrane**

Maximum Rating: 24 VDC, 30 mA
Interface: 8-pin access to a 4×4 matrix
Operating temperature: 32 to 122 °F(0 to 50°C)
Dimensions: Keypad, 2.7 x 3.0 in (6.9 x 7.6 cm),Cable: 0.78 x 3.5 in (2.0 x 8.8 cm)

PIN DESCRIPTION

**16*2 LCD Display**

Symbol	External Connection	Function
VSS	Power Supply	Signal GROUND for lcm
VDD		POWER SUPPLY for logic lcm
V0		Contrast Adjust
RS	MPU	Register Select Signal
RW	MPU	Read/Write Select Signal
E	MPU	Operation Enable Signal
DB0~DB3	MPU	Four Low order bidirectional three state bus lines. Used for data transfer between the MPU and LCM. These four are not used between 4 Bit operations.
DB4~DB7	MPU	Four high order bidirectional Three state bus lines used for data transfer between the MPU
A	LED BKL power Supply	Power Supply for BKL
K	LED BKL power Supply	Power Supply for BKL

**4*4 Keypad membrane**

Matrix keypads use a combination of four rows and four columns to provide button states to the host device, typically a microcontroller. Underneath each key is a push button, with one end connected to one row, and the other end connected to one column

CIRCUIT CONNECTION

**16*2 LCD to Arduino Uno**

*162 LCD**	Arduino Uno & other
VSS	GND(make a negative rail on breadboard for making further gnd connection)
VDD	5V (make a positive rail on breadboard for making further 5v connection)
V0	Variable terminal pin of 10K potentiometer (Mid pin)
RS	Digital pin 7 (arduino)
RW	Gnd
E	Digital pin 8 (arduino)
D0	Na
D1	Na
D2	Na
D3	Na
D4	Digital pin 9 (arduino)
D5	Digital pin 10 (arduino)
D6	Digital pin 11 (arduino)
D7	Digital pin 12 (arduino)
A	5v on breadboard 5v rail
K	GND

**4*4 Keypad membrane to Arduino Uno**

*44 Keypad Membrane (Right Side)**	Arduino Uno
Pin 1(on right side of Membrane)	Digital Pin 0 (RX)
Pin 2	Digital Pin 1(TX)
Pin 3	Digital pin 2
Pin 4	Digital pin 3
Pin 5	Digital pin 4
Pin 6	Digital pin 5
Pin 7	Digital pin 6
Pin 8(on left side of Membrane)	Digital pin 13

CODE

Click to see the code

https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vRXercHOLKZXfl_wZQEBSWdp4mbXuSRTB9ZsLpXCp9qYxXyJAVUfVdt9c1mMYdSj9Ro_vuM5RIHIJ0v/pub

WORKING

This is an old code-breaking mind or paper and pencil game for two or more players, predating the similar commercially marketed board game Mastermind.

It is a game with numbers that may date back a century or more. It is played by two opponents.

On a sheet of paper, the players each write a 4-digit secret number.

The digits must be all different. Then, in turn, the players try to guess their opponent’s number who gives the number of matches. If the matching digits are in their right positions, they are “bulls”, if in different positions, they are “cows”. Example:

Secret number: 4271 Opponent’s try: 1234 Answer: 1 bull and 2 cows. (The bull is “2”, the cows are “4” and “1”.)

This time is made for playing against the Arduino, which generates 4 random digits that are not repeated.

The player enters its 4 digits through the keypad and press key D to confirm the digits. The lcd displays the amount of cows and bulls that the player gets. After 5 tries you have not guessed the secret number, you lost and the secret number is shown.

Pressing the key ‘A’ starts a new game.

Pressing the key ‘B’ resigns the game and shows the secret number.